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Landscape Characterization / Impervious Surfaces / Use of Data in Land Use Planning / Natural Resources / Site Planning
Natural Resources
Site Planning
Site Design and Development Standards
Polluted runoff from impervious surfaces in your watershed affects
the amount and the quality of water in your streams.

Site plans in residential, commercial, industrial zones,
or anywhere else can protect local streams through good design. Site
plans approved by local land use planning commissioners must comply with
clearly stated development standards. Such standards are usually adopted
as zoning, subdivision, or design regulations.When should site plans
be used?
- Preliminary approval or sketch plan
- Final approvals
- Stormwater Management Plan Approvals
- Erosion Control/Grading Plan Approval and Construction Permits
Factoids
Do large lots protect open space and water resources? Large lots,
both residential and commercial, and ''business parks' all require
road frontage. The larger the lot, the longer the road and thus
the more impervious surface. Talk to local real estate market experts:
What built parcels hold the most value in your community? |
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Zoning and Subdivision standards: Learn
more about Conservation Subdivision from the National NEMO Network
and Natural Lands Trust. Download
the NEMO Fact Sheet Many design solutions to protect open space
or natural resources are possible: residential clustering, buffering
streams, stormwater infiltration, built wetlands to treat wastewater
and stormwater. On many sites, these solutions may result in lower
net development costs, especially if standards are clear from
the beginning or preliminary plan stages. Has your community adopted
clear preliminary or sketch plan standards? For example, until
recently, few local jurisdictions required wetland delineation
at preliminary plan. After significant investments in engineering,
local protestors opposed disturbance of such water resources only
when they became aware of the proposed site plan at later hearings.

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What other design standards protect water resources?
Your community's answer will most likely come from your experts--your
local public works engineers, park or conservation staff, state
or regional resources, local development professionals--and your
citizens. To start, you will need a clearly stated goal: Protect
your local waterways. You'll need to implement this goal with
an action plan, your regulations, and processes. Here are some
of the elements to consider:
- Communication among the experts.
Many local decision makers manage polluted runoff: planning
commissioners, public works and engineering staff, parks and
conservation staff and commissions. Each has a role and must
understand how they cooperate to achieve your local goal.
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